Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda

The Complete Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda Legendary Sagas of the Northland in English Translation
	[HOME][BACK]
	Frá Fornjóti ok hans Ættmönnum HVERSU NOREGR BYGGÐIST	Of Fornjot and his Kinsmen How Norway was Settled
	from Flateyjarbók	Translated by © 2011 George L. Hardman
	1. Frá niðjum Fornjóts	1: Of Fjornjot's Ancestors
	Nú skal segja dæmi til, hversu Noregr byggðist í fyrstu eða hversu konunga ættir hófust þar eða í öðrum löndum eða hví þeir heita Skjöldungar, Buðlungar, Bragningar, Öðlingar, Völsungar eða Niflungar, sem konunga ættirnar eru af komnar. Fornjótr hét maðr. Hann átti þrjá sonu; var einn Hlér, annarr Logi, þriði Kári. Hann réð fyrir vindum, en Logi fyrir eldi, Hlér fyrir sjó. Kári var faðir Jökuls, föður Snæs konungs, en börn Snæs konungs váru þau Þorri, Fönn, Drífa ok Mjöll. Þorri var konungr ágætr. Hann réð fyrir Gotlandi, Kænlandi ok Finnlandi. Hann blótuðu Kænir til þess, at snjóva gerði ok væri skíðfæri gott. Þat er ár þeira. Þat blót skyldi vera at miðjum vetri, ok var þaðan af kallaðr Þorra mánaðr. Þorri konungr átti þrjú börn. Synir hans hétu Nórr ok Górr, en Gói dóttir. Gói hvarf á brott, ok gerði Þorri blót mánuði síðar en hann var vanr at blóta, ok kölluðu þeir síðan þann mánað, er þá hófst, Gói. Þeir Nórr ok Górr leituðu systur sinnar. Nórr átti bardaga stóra fyrir vestan Kjölu, ok fellu fyrir honum þeir konungar, er svá heita: Véi ok Vei, Hundingr ok Hemingr, ok lagði Nórr þat land undir sik allt til sjóvar. Þeir bræðr fundust í þeim firði, er nú er kallaðr Nórafjörðr. Nórr fór þaðan upp á Kjölu ok kom þar, sem heita Úlfamóar, þaðan fór hann um Eystri-Dali ok síðan í Vermaland ok með vatni því, er Vænir heitir, ok svá til sjóvar. Þetta land allt lagði Nórr undir sik, allt fyrir vestan þessi takmörk. Þetta land er nú kallaðr Noregr. At miðjum vetri kómu þeir í Heiðmörk. Þar var sá konungr fyrir, er Hrólfr í Bergi hét. Hann var sonr Svaða jötuns norðan af Dofrum ok Áshildar, dóttur Eysteins konungs, er lengi hafði ráðit fyrir Heiðmörk. Hrólfr í Bergi hafði tekit Gói ok gengit at eiga hana. En er hún spurði til Nórs, bróður síns, þá fór hun í mót honum ok þau Hrólfr, ok gaf hann sik upp í vald Nórs ok gerðist hans maðr. Eptir þat fór Nórr til veizlu til mágs síns, ok fekk Nórr Höddu, dóttur Svaða jötuns, systur Hrólfs. Eptir þat fór Nórr konungr vestr aptr til sjóvar, ok þá hitti hann Gór, bróður sinn. Hann var þá kominn norðan ór Dumbshafi ok hafði eignazt eyjar allar á þeiri leið, bæði byggðar ok óbyggðar. Þá skiptu þeir bræðr ríkinu með sér, svá at Nórr skyldi hafa meginland allt norðan frá Jötunheimum ok suðr til Álfheima, þat heitir nú Noregr, en Górr skyldi hafa eyjar allar, þær er lágu á bakborða elliða hans, er hann færði norðan með landi. Þeir váru synir Górs sækonungs: Beiti ok Heiti, Meitir ok Geitir. Beitir sækonungr fór með elliða inn í Þrándheim ok inn í Beitsjó. Hann lét gera skipsleða undir elliðann, en snjór var mikill ok sleðfæri gott. Þá settist Beitir í lypting ok lagði stýri í lag ok lét draga upp segl ok lét menn sína draga elliðann norðr um Elliðaeið til Naumudals ok eignaði sér land allt þat, er lá á bakborða. Beiti sækonungr var faðir Heita sækonungs, föður Svaða, en Geitir var faðir Glamma ok Gylfa. Meiti sækonungr var faðir Mæfils ok Myndils. Myndill var faðir Ekkils ok Skekkils. Nórr var faðir þessara manna, en Hödd, dóttir Svaða, móðir Þrándar ok Garðs, er kallaðr var agði. En er þeir skiptu arfi, þá hlaut Þrándr Þrándheim, ok heitir því svá. Garðr agði var faðir þeira, er svá heita: Hörðr, Rúgálfr, Þrymr, Végarðr, Freygarðr, Þorgarðr ok Grjótgarðr. Hörðr hlaut Hörðaland ór skipti. Hans sonr var Jöfurr eða Jösurr, faðir Hjörs konungs, föður Hjörleifs ins kvensama. Rúgálfr átti Rogaland. Hans sonr var Rögnvaldr, faðir Ögvalds konungs. Þrymr átti Agðir. Hans sonr var Agði ok Agnarr, faðir Ketils þryms, er bú átti í Þrumu. Végarðr átti Sygnafylki. Hann var faðir Veðrorms, föður Vémundar ins gamla, er Sygnatrausti kallaðist. Freygarðr átti Fjörðu ok Fjalir. Hans synir váru þeir Freysteinn gamli, er bú átti á Gaulum, ok Freybjörn, faðir Auðbjarnar, föður Árinbjarnar Firðajarls. Þorgarðr átti Sunnmæri. Hans sonr var Þorviðr, faðir Arnviðar tréserkjabana, föður þeira Slæviðar ok Bráviðar. Grjótgarðr átti Norðmæri. Hans sonr var Salgarðr, faðir Grjótgarðs, föður Sölva, föður Högna í Njarðey, föður Sölva víkings ok Hildar innar mjóvu, er átti Hjörleifr inn kvensami. Hálfr berserkr var þeira sonr. Annarr þeira sona Grjótgarðs var Sigarr, faðir Signýjar, er átti Haraldr Naumdælajarl, faðir Herlaugs, föður Grjótgarðs, föður Hákonar jarls, föður Sigurðar jarls, föður Hákonar Hlaðajarls. Raumr, sonr Nórs konungs, tók ríki eptir feðr sinn. Hann átti Álfheima ok svá vítt ríki sem ár þær falla, er þar spretta upp. Þaðan fellr Lögrinn austan um dal í Mjörs, en þaðan Vermá í Raumelfi, en hún til sjóvar. Af Vermá fellr Raumá ofan eptir Raumsdal. Af Vermá fellr Eystri-Elfr um Eystri-Dali ok í Væni, en þaðan Gautelfr til sjóvar. Raumr konungr átti samdrykkju um jól við Bergfinn, son Þryms jötuns af Vermá, ok gekk þá í rekkju Bergdísar, systur hans. Ok eptir þat gat hún þrjá sonu, Björn, Brand ok Álf. Hann fóstraði Bergfinnr, ok var kallaðr Finnálfr. Björn var með móður sinni ok var kallaðr Jötunbjörn. Brand sendi hún Rauma, föður hans, en hann gaf hann guðunum, ok var hann kallaðr Guðbrandr. Honum gaf Raumr konungr dali þá, er Guðbrandsdalir heita, Jötunbirni gaf hann Raumsdal, en Álfi Eystri-Dali ok allt fyrir norðan Væni ok frá Gautelfi ok norðr til Raumelfar. Þat váru þá kallaðir Álfheimar. Guðbrandr Dalakonungr var faðir Auðleifs, föður Guðmundar konungs. Hans sonr var Guðbrandr, er eigi vildi láta kalla sik konung ok lét gefa sér jarls nafn fyrir því, at hann vildi vera ríkastr jarl á Norðrlöndum. Hans sonr var Geirmundr jarl, faðir Hróðgeirs jarls, föður Guðbrands, er eigi vildi vera konungr né jarl ok lét gefa sér hersis nafn ok réð þó löndum sem konungr, ok at engu var hann óríkari. Hans allir ættmenn váru síðan hersar. Jötunbjörn inn gamli var faðir Raums konungs, föður Hrossbjarnar, föður Orms skeljamola, föður Knattar, föður þeira Þórólfs hálma ok Ketils raums. Synir Þórólfs váru þeir Helgi, faðir Bersa, föður Þormóðs, föður Þórlaugar, móður Tungu-Odds. Finnálfr inn gamli fekk Svanhildar, er kölluð var gullfjöðr. Hún var dóttir Dags Dellingssonar, er kölluð var gullfjöðr. Hún var dóttir Dags Dellingssonar ok Sólar, dóttur Mundilfara. Sonr þeira var Svanr inn rauði, faðir Sæfara, föður Úlfs, föður Álfs, föður þeira Ingimundar ok Eysteins. Raumr inn gamli fekk síðar Hildar, dóttur Guðröðar ins gamla, sonar Sölva konungs, er fyrstr ruddi þar, sem nú heita Sóleyjar. En synir hans váru þeir Guðröðr, Haukr, Haddingr ok Hringr. Guðröðr var konungr eptir feðr sinn, ok konungar váru allir hans ættmenn. Eysteinn illráði var hans sonr. Hann setti Inn-Þrændum hund sinn fyrir konung, er Saurr hét, fyrir þat er þeir höfðu drepit Önund, son hans, er hann hafði þar sett til landsgæzlu.	Now we shall speak of how Norway was founded in the beginning, how the line of kings began there or in other lands, and why they are called Skjoldungs, Budlungs, Bragnings, Odlings, Volsungs or Niflungs, from which the lines of kings come. There was a man named Fjornot. He had three sons; one was named Hler, the second Logi, and the third Kari. He ruled the winds, but Logi ruled fire, and Hler ruled the sea. Kari was the father of Jokul, the Glacier, father of King Snae, Snow. The sons of King Snae were Thorri, Fonn, Drifa and Mjoll. Thorri was a wonderful king. He ruled Gotland, Kaenland, and Finland. He celebrated Kaens so that snow was made and travel on skis was good. That is their beginning. The celebration is held in the middle of winter, and from that time on was called the month of Thorri. King Thorri had three children. His sons were called Norr and Gorr, and his daughter Goi. Goi vanished, and Thorri made a sacrifice a month later than he was accustomed to celebrate, and since then the month that begins then was called Goi. Norr and Gorr searched for their sister. Norr had a great battle west of Kjolu, and the kings fell before him, who were named: Vei and Vei, Hunding, and Heming, and Norr took control of that land all the way to the sea. The brothers met in that fjord, which is called Norafjord. Norr then went up to Kjolu and came to a place called Ulfamoa, then went past the Estri-Dal and then to Vermaland, and along the Vaenir River, and thus to the sea. Norr took control of all of that land, all to the west of this boundary. This land is now called Norway.In the middle of winter they came to Heidmork. There was a king who was called Hrolf in Bergi. He was the son of the giant Svada north of Dofra and Ashilda, daughter of King Eystein, who had ruled for a long time over Heidmork. Hrolf in Bergi had taken Goi and married her. When she learned of Norr, her brother, she went to meet him and Hrolf, and he gave himself up in the power of Norr and was made his man. After that Norr went to a feast with his in-laws, and Norr married Hodda, the daughter of Svada and sister of Hrolf. After that, King Norr went west to the sea, and met his brother Gorr. He had come north from Dumbshaf, and had taken all the islands on the way, both inhabited and uninhabited. The brothers divided the realm, so that Norr would have all the land in between, north from Jotunheim and south to Alfheim, which is now called Norway. Gorr would have all the islands that lay on the port side of his ship, where he traveled north from land to land. The sons of the sea-king Gorr were: Beiti and Heiti, Meitir and Geitir. The sea-king Beiti traveled by ship in to Trondheim and in to the Beit-sea. He had a ship sled under the ship, where the snow was deep and there was good travel by sled. There Beiti sat on the raised deck and set course and had the sails hoisted up and had his men take the ship north around Ellidae to Naumadal and took possession of all the land that lay on the port side. The sea-king Beiti was father of the sea-king Heiti, father of Svada, and Geitir was father of Glamma and Gylfa. The sea-king Meitir was father of Maefil and Myndil. Myndil was the father of Ekkil and Skekkil. Norr was the father of these men, and Hodda, daughter of Svada, mother of Thrand and Gard, who are called Agdi.When they divided the inheritance, Thrand got Thrandheim by lot, and called it so. Gard Agdi was the father of those who are called thus: Hord, Rugalf, Thrym, Vegard, Freygard, Thorgard, and Grjotgard. Hord got Hordaland from the division. His son was Jofurr or Josurr, father of King Hjorr, father of Hjorleif the Amorous. Rugalf claimed Rogaland. His son was Rognvald, father of King Ogvald. Thrym claimed Agdir. His sons were Agdi and Agnarr, father of Ketil Thrym who lived in Thrum. Vegard laid claim to Sygnafylki. He was the father of Vedrorm, father of Vemund the Old, who is called Sygnatrausti. Freygard claimed Fjord and Fjal. His sons were Freysteinn the Old, who lived at Gaula, and Freybjorn, father of Audbjorn, father of Arinbjarn Fridajarl. Thorgard claimed Sunnmaeri. His sons were Thorvid, father of Arnvid Treserkjabana, father of Slaevid and Bravid. Grjotgard claimed Nordmaeri. His son was Salgard, father of Grjotgard, father of Solva, father of Hogna in Njar dey, father of Solva the Viking and Hilda Mjovu, who was married to Hjorleif the Amorous. Their son was Half the Berserkr. The other son of Grjotgard was Sigarr, father of Signy, who was married to Harald, Earl of Naumdal, the father of Herlaug, father of Grjotgard, father of Earl Hakon, father of Earl Sigurd, father of Hakon Hladearl. Raum, son of King Norr, took over his father's realm. He had Alfheim and a realm so wide as from where rivers fall, and where they spring up. From there Logri falls east along the valley in Mjor, and from there to Verma in Raumelfi, and on to the sea. From Verma the River Raum flows along the Raum Valley. From the River Verma, the Estri-Elfi falls along the Estri-Valley and into Vaeni, from there, the Gautelfr to the sea.King Raum had a drinking party at yuletime with Bergfinn, son of the giant Thrym from Verma, and they went to the bed of Bergdisa, his sister. And after that she had three sons, Bjorn, Brand and Alf. He fostered Bergfinn, and was called Finnalf. Bjorn was with his mother and was called Jotunbjorn. She sent Brand to Raum, his father, and he gave him the gods, and he was called Gudbrand. King Raum gave him the valleys, which are called Gudbrandsdal. He gave Raumsdal to Jotunbjorn and to Alf, Estri-Dali and all to the north, and from Gautelf north to Raumelf. All of this was called Alfheim. Gudbrand, the valley king, was the father of Audleif, father of King Gudmund. His son was Gudbrand, who did not want to allow himself to be called king, and took on the title of earl because he wanted to be the richest earl in the northern lands. His son was Earl Geirmund, father of Earl Hrodgeir, father of Gudbrand, who did not want to be either king or earl, and took on the name of chieftain, and ruled the lands as if he was a king, and there was no one less powerful. All of his descendants were afterward chieftains. Jotunbjorn the Old was the father of King Raum, father of Hrossbjarn, father of Orm Skeljamola, father of Knatt, father of Thorolf Straw, and Ketil the Ugly. The sons of Thorolf were Helgi, father of Bersa, father of Thormod, father of Thorlaug, mother of Tungu-Odd. Finnalf the Old married Svanhild, who was called Golden Spear-blade. She was the daughter of Dag Dellingson, and Sola, daughter of Mundilfara. Their son was Svan the Red, father of Saefara, father of Ulf, father of Alf, father of Ingimund and Eystein. Raum the Old then married Hilda, daughter of Gudrod the Old, son of King Solva, who first ruled there which is now called Soleyjar. His sons were Gudrod, Hauk, Hadding, and Hring.Gudrod was king after his father, and all of his relatives were kings. Eysteinn the Wicked was his son. He set Inn-Thraendu, his dog, against the king, who was called Saurr, because they had killed Onund, his son, who had kept watch over the land.
	2. Ættartala frá Höð	2: The Lineage of Hod
	Höðr átti þar ríki, er kallat er Haðaland. Hans sonr var Höddbroddr, faðir Hrólfs, föður Hrómundar berserks, föður þeira Hámundar, Haka ok Gunnlaðar, móður þeira Útsteins ok Innsteins. Hámundr var Hörðajarl. Hann var faðir Hróks ins svarta ok Hróks ins hvíta. Haki var faðir Hróðgeirs, föður Hróðmars, föður Haka berserks. Gunnlöð var dóttir Hróks ins svarta, en móðir Hrómundar Gripssonar. Haddingr, sonr Rauma, átti Haddingjadal ok Þelamörk. Hans sonr var Haddingr, faðir Haddings, föður Högna ins rauða. Eptir hann tóku ríki Haddingjar þrír, ok var hverr þeira eptir annan. Helgi Haddingjaskati var með einum þeira. Hringr konungr, sonr Rauma, átti Hringaríki ok Valdres. Hann fekk dóttur Vífils sækonungs. Þeira sonr var Hálfdan gamli. Ok þá er hann tók konungdóm, gerði hann blót mikit at miðjum vetri ok blótaði til þess, at hann skyldi mega lifa þrjú hundruð vetra í konungdómi sínum, sem sagt var, at lifat hefði Snær inn gamli. En fréttin sagði honum svá, at hann mundi lifa ekki meir en einn mannsaldr, en þat mundi vera þrjú hundruð vetra, ok at engi mundi vera ótiginn maðr í hans ætt ok engi kona. Hann var hermaðr mikill ok herjaði víða um Austrveg. Þar drap hann þann konung, er Sigtryggr hét, í einvígi. Hann gekk at eiga Álfnýju, dóttur Eymundar konungs ór Hólmgarði. Þau áttu níu sonu. Hét einn Þengill, er kallaðr var Mannaþengill, Ræsir, Gramr, Gylfi, Hilmir, Jöfurr, Tiggi, Skyli ok Harri. Þessir níu, er sagt, at allir væri jafngamlir, ok urðu svá ágætir, at í öllum fræðum eru þeira nöfn höfð fyrir tignar nöfn ok konunga nöfn. Svá er sagt, at engi þeira ætti börn, ok fellu allir senn í orrostu. Enn áttu þau aðra níu sonu. Hétu þeir Hildir, Næfill, Auði, Skelfir, Dagr, Bragi, Buðli, Lofði, Sigarr. Hildir, Sigarr ok Lofði váru allir herkonungar, Auði, Buðli ok Næfill væru sækonungar, Dagr, Skelfir ok Bragi sátu at löndum. Dagr átti Þóru drengjamóður, ok áttu þau níu sonu. Hét einn Óli, annarr Ámr, þriði Jöfurr, fjórði Arngrímr. Óli var faðir Dags, föður Óleifs, föður Hrings, föður Óláfs, föður Helga, föður Sigurðar hjartar, föður Ragnhildar, móður Haralds ins hárfagra. Sú ætt Haralds var kölluð Döglingar. Arngrímr átti Eyfuru. Þeira sonr var Angantýr berserkr. Bragi gamli var konungr á Valdresi. Hann var faðir Agnars, föður Álfs, föður Eireks, föður Hildar, móður Hálfdanar ins milda, föður Guðröðar, föður Hálfdanar svarta, föður Haralds ins hárfagra. Þessi ætt Haralds heita Bragningar. Skelfir var konungr á Vörs. Hans sonr var Skjöldr, faðir Eireks, föður Alreks, föður Eireks ins málspaka, föður Alreks ins frækna, föður Víkars, föður Vatnars, föður þeira Ímalds ok Eireks, föður Gyðu, er átti Haraldr inn hárfagri. Þat heitir Skilfinga ætt eða Skjöldunga ætt. Hildir var inn fjórði sonr Hálfdanar. (Leiðr. - inn fimmti sonur Dags) Hann var faðir Hildibrands, föður Vígbrands, föður Hildis ok Herbrands, föður Haralds ins grenska, föður Ásu innar stórráðu, móður Hálfdanar svarta, föður Haralds ins hárfagra. Sigarr var faðir Siggeirs, er átti Signýju, dóttur Völsungs konungs. Sigarr var ok faðir Sigmundar, er átti Hildi, dóttur Grjótgarðs konungs af Mæri. Hans sonr hét Sigarr, faðir Signýjar. Hann lét hengja Hagbarð. Þat heitir Siklinga ætt. Lofði var konungr mikill. Þat herlið, er honum fylgdi, eru Lofðar kallaðir. Hann herjaði á Reiðgotaland ok varð þar konungr. Hans synir váru þeir Skekkill sækonungr ok Skyli, faðir Egðis, föður Hjálmþés, föður Eylima, föður Hjördísar, móður Sigurðar Fáfnisbana, föður Áslaugar, móður Sigurðar orms í auga, föður Áslaugar, móður Sigurðar hjartar, föður Ragnhildar, móður Haralds ins hárfagra. Þessir ættmenn Haralds eru kallaðir Lofðungar. Auði ok Buðli váru sækonungar ok fóru báðir saman með her sinn. Þeir kómu með liði sínu til Saxlands ok herjuðu þar víða, lögðu undir sik Valland ok Saxland, settust þar at löndum. Auði hafði Valland ok var faðir Fróða, föður Kjárs, föður Ölrúnar. Þat eru kallaðir Öðlingar. Buðli hafði Saxland. Hann var faðir Attils, föður Vífils, föður Læfa, föður Buðla, föður Sörla eða Serla ok Atla ok Brynhildar, móður Áslaugar, ok er sú ætt Haralds ins hárfagra kölluð Buðlungar. Næfill konungr var faðir Heimars, föður Eynefs, föður Rakna, föður Gjúka, föður þeira Gunnars ok Högna, Guðrúnar, Guðnýjar ok Gullrandar, ok er þat kölluð Niflunga ætt. Nú eru taldar konur þær, er fyrst kómu í ætt Hálfdanar gamla. En þá er in fyrsta kona kom í ættina, var liðit þrjú hundruð vetra frá blótinu, er Hálfdan blótaði til aldrs sér ok ríkis.	Hod had a realm that was called Hadaland. His son was Hoddbroddr, father of Hrolf, father of Hromund the Berserkr, father of Hamund, Haki, and Gunnlada, mother of Utstein and Insteinn. Hamund was earl of Horda. He was the father of Hrok the Black and Hrok the White. Haki was the father of Hrodgeir, father of Hrodmar, father of Haki the Berserk. Gunnlod was the daughter of Hrok the Black, and mother of Hromund Gripsson. Hadding, the son of Raumr, owned Haddingjadal and Telemark. His son was Hadding, father of Hadding, father of Hogni the Red. After him, three Haddings took the realm, one after the other. Helgi Haddingjaskati was with one of them.King Hring, son of Raum, had Hringriki and Valdres. He married the daughter of Vifil the Sea-king. Their son was Halfdan the Old. And when he took the kingdom, he set up a celebration in the middle of winter, and sacrificed, so that he should live to be three hundred winters in his kingdom, as Snae the Old was said to have lived. But a prophesy said that he would live no longer than a man's age. But that would be three hundred years, and no man or woman would be dishonored in his lineage. He was a great warrior and plundered widely in the East. There he killed the king, who was named Sigtrygg, in one-to-one combat. He married Alfny, daughter of King Eymund from Holmgard. They had nine sons. One was named Thengill, who was called Mannathengill, Raesi, Gram, Gylfi, Hilmir, Jofurr, Tiggi, Skyli, and Harri. These nine, it is said, were all of equal age, and were so exceptional, that in all accounts their names are held as honorable names, and king's names. It is said that none of them had children, and later they all fell in battle. But they had another nine sons. They were named Hildr, Naefill, Audi, Skelfi, Dag, Bragi, Budli, Lofdi, and Sigarr. Hildr, Sigarr and Lofdi were all warrior kings. Audi, Budli, and Naefill were sea-kings, and Dagr, Skelfi, and Bragi stayed on land. Dag married Thor, the mother of valiant men, and they had nine sons. One was named Oli, another Amr, a third Jofurr, and a fourth Arngrim. Oli was the father of Dag, father of Oleif, father of Hring, father of Olaf, father of Helga, father of Sigurd Hjarta, father of Ragnhild, mother of Harald the Fair-haired. The descendants of Harald were called Daglingar. Arngrim married Eyfuru. Their son was Angantyr the Berserk.Bragi the Old was king in Valdres. He was the father of Agnar, father of Alf, father of Eirek, father of Hilda, mother of Halfdan the Mild, father of Gudrod, father of Halfdan the Black, father of Harald Fiar-haired. These descendants of Harald are called the Bragnings. Skelfi was the king at Vors. His son was Skjoldr, father of Eirek, father of Alrek, father of Eirek the Wise-spoken, father of Alrek the Valiant, father of Vikar, father of Vatnar, father of Imald and Eirek, father of Gyda, who married Harald Fair-haired. That is the family of the Skilfings or Skjoldings.Hildi was the fourth son of Halfdan. (Leidr - the fifth son of Dag) He was father of Hildebrand, father of Vigbrand, father of Hildi and Herbrand, father of Harald the Thin, father of Asa the Ambitious, mother of Halfdan the Black, father of Harald Fair-haired. Sigarr was the father of Siggeir, who married Signy, the daughter of the king of the Volsungs. Sigarr was also the father of Sigmund, who married Hilda, daughter of Grjotgard, King of Maeri. His son was named Sigarr, father of Signy. He had Hagbard hanged. That is the dynasty of the Siklings.Lofdi was a great king. The troops, which he commanded, are called Lofdar. He plundered in Reidgotaland and became king there. His sons were Skekkill the Sea-king, and Skyli, father of Egdis, father of Hjalmthes, father of Eylima, father of Hjordi, mother of Sigurdar Fafnisbana, father of Aslaug, mother of Sigurd Serpent-Eye, father of Aslaug, mother of Sigurd Hjarta, father of Ragnhild, mother of Harald Fair-haired. These relatives of Harald are called Lofdungs. Audi and Budi were sea-kings and each traveled with his army. They came with their troops to Saxland and plundered widely there, conquering Valland and Saxland, and settled there on the land. Audi had Valland and was the father of Froda, father of Kjar, father of Olrun. They are called Odlings. Budli had Saxland. He was the father of Attil, father of Vifil, father of Laefa, father of Budla, father of Sorla or Serla, and Atla and Brynhilda, mother of Aslaug, and her lineage of Harald Fair-haired is called Budlingar. King Nefill was the father of Heimar, father of Eynef, father of Rakna, father of Gjuka, father of Gunnar and Hogna, Gudrun, Gudny, and Gullrand, and that is the Niflung lineage. Now it is spoken of the women, who first came to the family of Halfdan the Old. And when the first woman came into the dynasty, three hundred years had passed from the celebration, which Halfdan celebrated for his age and realm.
	3. Ættartala frá Álfi inum gamla	3: The Lineage of Alfi the Old
	Álfr konungr inn gamli réð fyrir Álfheimum. Hann var faðir Álfgeirs, föður Gandálfs, föður Álfhildar; Álfhildr var móðir Ragnars loðbrókar, föður Sigurðar orms í auga, föður Áslaugar, móður Sigurðar hjartar, föður Ragnhildar, móður Haralds ins hárfagra. Haraldr inn gamli, sonr Valdars ins milda Hróarssonar, átti Hervöru Heiðreksdóttur konungs. Þeira sonr var Hálfdan snjalli, faðir Ívars víðfaðma, föður Auðar innar djúpauðgu. Hana átti Hrærekr slöngvanbaugi. Þeira sonr var Haraldr hilditönn. Síðar átti Auði Ráðbarðr konungr. Þeira sonr var Randvér, faðir Sigurðar hrings, föður Ragnars loðbrókar, föður Sigurðar, föður Áslaugar, móður Sigurðar, föður Ragnhildar, móður Haralds ins hárfagra, er fyrstur var einvaldskonungr yfir Noregi.	Alfi the Old ruled over Alfheim. He was the father of Alfgeir, father of Gandalf, father of Alfhilda; Alfhilda was the mother of Ragnar Lodbrokar, father of Sigurd Serpent-eye, father of Aslaug, mother of Sigurd Hjarta, father of Ragnhild, mother of Harald Fair-haired. Harald the Old, son of Valdar the Mild Hroarsson, married the daughter of King Hervor Heidreksdottir. Their son was Halfdan Snjalli, father of Ivar the Far-reaching, father of Audar the Wealthy. She married Hraerek Slongvanbauga. Their son was Harald Battletooth. Later Audi married King Radbard. Their son was Randver, father of Sigurd Hring, father of Ragnar Lodbrokar, father of Sigurd, father of Aslaug, mother of Sigurd, father of Ragnhild, mother of Harald Fair-haired, who was the first sovereign over Norway.
	4. Ættartala Haralds frá Óðni	4: The Lineage of Harald from Odni
	Burri hefir konungr heitit, er réð fyrir Tyrklandi. Hans sonr var Burr, er var faðir Óðins Ásakonungs, föður Freys, föður Njarðar, föður Freys, föður Fjölnis, föður Sveigðis, föður Vanlanda, föður Vísburs, föður Dómalda, föður Dómars, föður Dyggva, er vér köllum Tryggva, föður Dags, föður Agna Skjálfarbónda, föður Alreks, föður Yngva, föður Jörmunfróða, er vér köllum Jörund, föður Ána ins gamla, er vér köllum Aun, er níu vetr drakk horn fyrir elli sakir, áðr hann dó. Aunn var faðir Egils Tunnadólgs, föður Óttars vendilskráku, föður Aðils at Uppsölum, föður Eysteins, föður Yngvars ins hára, föður Braut-Önundar, föður Ingjalds ins illráða, föður Óláfs trételgju, föður Hálfdanar hvítbeins, föður Eysteins, föður Hálfdanar ins milda ok matarilla, föður Guðröðar veiðikonungs, föður Hálfdanar svarta, föður Haralds ins hárfagra.	The king was called Burri, who ruled over Turkey. His son was Burr, who was the father of Odin, King of the Gods, father of Frey, father of Njard, father of Frey, father of Fjolni, father of Sveigdi, , father of Vanland, father of Visbur, father of Domalda, father of Domar, father of Dyggva, who we call Tryggva, father of Dag, father of Agna Skjalfarbond, father of Alrek, father of Yngva, father of Jorumfrod, who we call Jorund, father of An the Old, who we call Aun, who for nine years drank the horn for the sake of old age, before he died. Aun was the father of Egil Tunnadolg, father of Ottar Vendilskraku, father of Adil from Uppsala, father of Eystein, father of Yngvar the Tall, father of Braut-Onundur, father of Ingjald the Wicked, father of Olaf Tree-carver, father of Halfdan White-bone, father of Eystein, father of Halfdan the Mild and Ill-mannered, father of Gudrod the Hunting-king, father of Halfdan the Black, father of Harald Fair-haired.
	5. Ættartala	5: Lineage
	Skjöldr hét sonr Óðins Ásakonungs. Hann var faðir Friðleifs, föður Frið-Fróða, föður Friðleifs, föður Hávarðs ins handramma, föður Fróða, föður Vermundar ins vitra, föður Óláfs ins lítilláta, föður Dans ins mikilláta, föður Fróða ins friðsama, föður Friðleifs, föður Fróða ins frækna, föður Ingjalds Starkaðarfóstra, föður Hræreks hnöggvanbauga, föður Hálfdanar, föður Hræreks slöngvanbauga, föður Haralds hilditannar. Bróðir Haralds var Randvér, faðir Sigurðar hrings. Er þá slík ættartala til Haralds konungs hárfagra, sem fyrr segir.	The son of Odin King of the Gods was called Skjold. He was the father of Fridleif, father of Frid-Froda, father of Fridleif, father of Havard the Strong-fisted, father of Frodi, father of Vermund the Wise, father of Olaf the Humble, father of Dan the Proud, father of Frodi the Peaceful, father of Fridleif, father of Frodi the Valiant, father of Ingjald Starkadarfostra, father of Hraerek Hnoggvanbauga, father of Halfdan, father of Hraerek Slongvanbauga, father of Harald Battle-tooth. The brother of Harald was Randver, father of Sigurd Hring. They are thus the pedigree of King Harald Fair-haired, as was told before
	6. Ætt Haralds frá Adam	6: The Lineage of Harald from Adam
	Adam skapaði guð fyrst allra manna. Seth var sonr hans, hans sonr Enos, hans sonr Kaynán, hans sonr Malaleel, hans sonr Phareth, hans sonr Enoch, hans sonr Mathusalem inn gamli, hans sonr Lámech, -- þá var úti inn fyrsti heimsaldr, -- hans sonr var Nói, er örkina smíðaði, hans sonr Japhet, hans sonr Japhan, hans sonr Zechim, hans sonr Ciprus, hans sonr Cretus eða Celius, hans sonr Saturnus í Krít, hans sonr Jupiter, hans sonr Darius, hans sonr Erichonius, hans sonr Troeg, hans sonr Ilus, hans sonr Lamidon, hans sonr Príamus höfuðkonungr. Munnon eða Mennon hét konungr í Tróju. Hann átti Troánam, dóttur Priami konungs: hans sonr hét Tror, er vér köllum Þór, hans sonr var Loricha, er vér köllum Hlórriða, hans sonr Eredei, er vér köllum Eindriða, hans sonr Vingiþórr, hans sonr Vinginer, hans sonr Móði, hans sonr Mági, er vér köllum Magna, hans sonr Seseph, hans sonr Beduigg, hans sonr Atra, hans sonr Trinán, hans sonr Heremoth, er vér köllum Hermóð, hans sonr Skjaldin, er vér köllum Skjöldr, hans sonr Beaf, er vér köllum Bjár, hans sonr Goðólfr, hans sonr Burri, er vér köllum Finn, hans sonr Frjalafr, er vér köllum Bors, hans sonr Voden, er vér köllum Óðin. Hann var Tyrkja konungr. Hans sonr Skjöldr, hans sonr Friðleifr, hans sonr Frið-Fróði, hans sonr Herleifr, hans sonr Hávarr inn handrammi, hans sonr Fróði, hans sonr Vémundr inn vitri, hans dóttir Ólof. Hún var móðir Fróða ins friðsama. Hans sonr Friðleifr, hans sonr Fróði inn frækni, hans sonr Hálfdan, hans sonr Hróarr, hans sonr Valdarr inn mildi, hans sonr Haraldr gamli, hans sonr Hálfdan snjalli, hans sonr Ívarr víðfaðmi, hans dóttir Auðr in djúpauðga, hennar sonr Randvér, hans sonr Sigurðr hringr, hans sonr Ragnarr loðbrók, hans sonr Sigurðr ormr í auga, hans dóttir Áslaug, hennar sonr Sigurðr hjörtr, hans dóttir Ragnhildr, hennar sonr Haraldr konungr inn hárfagri. Verðr þessi tala einum manni fátt í sjau tugu at meðtöldum bæði Adam ok Haraldi.	Adam was the first man that God made. Seth was his son, and his son Enos, and his son Kaynan, and his son Malaleel, his son Phareth, his son Enoch, his son Mathusela the Old, his son Lamech -- they perished in the first age of the world -- his son was Noi, who made the ark, and his son Japet, his son Japhan, his son Zechim, his son Ciprus, his son Cretus or Celius, his son Saturnus in Crete, his son Jupiter, his son Darius, his son Erichonius, his son Troeg, his son Ilus, his son Lamidon, his son Priam the main king. The king in Troy was called Munnon or Mennon . He married Troana, daughter of King Priam; His son was called Tror, who we call Thor, his son was Lorich, who we call Hlorrid, and his son Eredei, who we call Eindrida, his son Vingithorr, his son Vinginer, his son Modi, his son Magi, who we call Magna, his son Seseph, his son Bediugg, his son Atra, his son Trinan, his son Heremoth, who we call Hermod, his son Skjaldin, who we call Skjoldr, his son Beaf, who w e call Bjar, his son Godolf, his son Burri, who we call Finn, his son Frjalaf, who we call Bors, his son Voden, who we call Odin. He was the king of the Turks. His son Skjold, his son Fridleif, his son Frid-Frodi, his son Herleif, his son Havarr the Strong-fisted, his son Frodi, his son Vemund the Wise, his daughter Olof. She was the mother of Froda the Peaceful. His son Fridleif, his son Frodi the Valiant, his son Halfdan, his son Hroarr, his son Valdarr the Mild, his son Harald the Old, his son Halfdan Snjalli, his son Ivarr the Far-reaching, his daughter Audr the Wealthy, her son Randver, his son Sigurd Hring, his son Ragnar Lodbrok, his son Sigurdr Serpent-eye, his daughter Aslaug, her son Sigurd Hjart, his daughter Ragnhild, her son Harald Fair-haired. This count was one less than seventeen on both tallies.
	7. Hverir konungar stýrt hafa Noregi	7: How the Kings Founded Norway
	Sonr Haralds hárfaga hét Sigurðr hrísi, hans sonr Hálfdan, hans sonr Sigurðr sýr, hans sonr Haraldr inn harðráði, bróðir Ólafs ins helga, hans sonr Óláfr kyrri, hans sonr Magnús berbeinn, hans sonr Haraldr gilli, hans sonr Sigurðr munnr, hans sonr Sverrir magnus, hans sonr Hákon harmdauði, hans sonr Hákon gamli, hans sonr Magnús, er lögbók sendi til Íslands, þá er kölluð er Jónsbók, hans sonr Hákon háleggr, hans dóttir Ingibjörg, hennar sonr Magnús góði Eiríksson langa hertoga, hans sonr Hákon, hans sonr Óláfr, er þá var tíu vetra, er faðir hans andaðist. Hann var konungr yfir Noregi, Danmörk ok öllum þeim skattlöndum, er þar liggja til, ok réttr erfingi alls Svíaríkis, er Albrikt, sonr Mækinborgargreifa, helt; hann var systursonr Magnúss konungs góða, föðurföður Óláfs. Þessi Óláfr var heitinn eptir inum heilaga Óláfi konungi Haraldssyni eptir sjálfs hans tilvísan. Hann var þá konungr, er sjá bók var skrifuð. Þá var liðit frá hingatburð várs herra Jesú Kristí mccclxxx ok vij ár.	The son of Harald Fair-haired was named Sigurd the Bastard, his son Halfdan, his son Sigurd the Sow, his son Harald Hardrade, brother of Saint Olaf, his son Olaf the Quiet, his son Magnus Berbeinn, his son Harald Gille, his son Sigurd Axe-edge, his son Sverri Magnus, his son Hakon the Lamented, his son Hakon the Old, his son Magnus, who sent the law-book to Iceland, which is called Jons-book, his son Hakon Halegg, his daughter Ingibjorg, her son Magnus the Good Eiriksson the Long-leader, his son Hakon, his son Olaf, who was ten years old when his father died. He was king over Norway, Denmark, and all the tributaries which lie there, and rightful heir of all Sweden, which was held by Albrikt, son of Maekinborgargreifa; he was the nephew of King Magnus the Good, grandfather of Olaf. This Olaf was named after the holy King Olaf Haraldsson, after his own guidance. He was king when the book was written. They proceeded from the birth of our Lord Jesus Christ, mccclxxx and vij years (AD 1387).
	8. Noregshöfðingja tal	8: List of the Chieftains of Norway
	Þessir hafa stýrt Noregi: Óláfr konungr, sem nú sagði, þá Hákon konungr, þá Magnús konungr góði, þá Hákon háleggr, þá Eirekr ok Magnús, þá Magnús, er bókina setti, þá Hákon ungi jafnfram Hákoni gamla, föður sínum, þá Ingi Bárðarson ok Erlingr steinveggr ok Philippus Baglakonungr, þá Hákon harmdauði, þá Sverrir magnus ok margr lygikonungr um hans daga, þá Magnús Erlingsson ok Eysteinn birkibeinn, þá Hákon herðibreiðr, þá Ingi krypplingr ok Eysteinn ok Sigurðr munnr, þá Haraldr gillikristr ok Magnús blindi ok Sigurðr slembidjákn, þá Sigurðr Jórsalafari, Eysteinn ok Óláfr, þá Magnús berbeinn ok Hákon Þórisfóstri, þá Óláfr inn kyrri ok Magnús, faðir Hákonar Þórisfóstra, þá Haraldr inn harðráði, þá Magnús inn ríki, sonr Óláfs ins helga, þá óforsynju-konungr Sveinn Alfífuson ok Knútr inn ríki, þá Óláfr inn helgi Haraldsson, þá Eirekr jarl, Sveinn jarl ok Hákon jarl, þá Óláfr Tryggvason, þá Hákon blótjarl inn ríki, þá Haraldr gráfeldr, þá Hákon Aðalsteinsfóstri, þá Eirekr blóðöx, þá Haraldr inn hárfagri, er fyrstr var einvaldskonungr yfir öllum Noregi, svá at sögur finnist til.	These are the people who ruled Norway: King Olaf, who is spoken of now, then King Hakon, then King Magnus the Good,, then Hakon Halegg, then Eirik and Magnus, then Magnus, who wrote the book, then Hakon the Young at the same time as Hakon the Old, his father, then Ingi Bardarson and Erling Steinvegg, and Philippus Baglakonungur, then Hakon the Lamented, then Sverri the Magnus and many false kings of his day, then Magnus Erlingsson and Eysteinn Birkibein, then Hakon the Broad Shouldered, then Ingi the Cripple, and Eysteinn and Sigurd Axe-edge then Harald Gillechrist, and Magnus the Blind and Sigurd Slembidjakan, then Sigurd Jorsalafari, Eysteinn and Olafr, then Magnus Berbeinn, and Hakon Thorisfostri, then Olaf the Quiet and Magnus, father of Hakon Thorisfostri, then Harald Hardrade, and Magnus the Rich, son of Saint Olaf, then the unforeseen king, Svenn Alfifuson and Knut the Powerful, then Saint Olaf Haraldsson, then Earl Eirek, Earl Sveinn, and Earl Hakon, then Olaf Tryggvason, then Hakon Blotearl the Powerful, then Harald Grafeld, then Harald Adalsteinsfostri, then Eirek Blood-axe, then Harald Fair-haired, who was the first sovereign king over all of Norway, as is found in the sagas.
	9. Hvarf Óláfs konungs Hákonarsonar	9: King Olaf Hakonarson Disappeared
	Ári síðar en fyrr segir hvarf Óláfr konungr Hákonarson. Sögðu Danir hann dauðan, en Norðmenn vildu ekki trúa því. Þá var tekin til ríkisstjórnar yfir Noreg ok Danmörk drottning Margréta, móðir Óláfs konungs, en dóttir Valdamars Danakonungs, eptir er hún lét fanga Albrikt.	A few years later, it is said that King Olaf Hakonarson disappeared. The Danes said that he died, but the Northmen did not want to believe this. Then Queen Margreta, mother of King Olaf , and daughter of Valdamar King of the Danes, was made sovereign over Norway and Denmark, after she had Albrikt seized.
	[HOME][BACK] SCHOLARSHIP & COMMENTARY
	Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia, 1993:	“Hversu Noregr Byggðist is closely paralleled by the opening of the Orkneyinga saga, sometimes called Fundinn Noregr, 'Foundation of Norway' which provides details on the descendants of Gór only.”